What Stand for BSO

 Bilateral Salpingo Oophorectomy

What Stand for TAH

 Total Abdominal Hysterectomy 

What stand for COPD

 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

What stand for GDM

 Gestational Diabetes Mellitus 

GDM is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy, typically in the second or third trimester. It's a common condition that can impact both mother and baby if not managed properly.

What stand for CKD

 Chronic Kidney Disease

CKD is a condition where the kidneys gradually lose their function over time, leading to waste buildup and potential complications.

Stages of CKD

Stage 1: Mild kidney damage with normal function

Stage 2: Mild kidney damage with reduced function

Stage 3: Moderate kidney damage

Stage 4: Severe kidney damage

Stage 5: End-stage renal disease (ESRD)

What stand for PUO

 PUO-Pyrexia of Unknown Origin

PUO is a condition where a person has a fever (pyrexia) that lasts for an extended period, but the underlying cause remains unknown despite extensive diagnostic evaluation

Nausea and Morning Sickness

Nausea and morning sickness are common symptoms experienced by many women during pregnancy.

 Causes of Morning Sickness:

1. Hormonal changes (hCG, estrogen)

2. Uterine expansion

3. Enhanced sense of smell

4. Vitamin deficiencies

5. Genetic predisposition

Symptoms:

1. Nausea

2. Vomiting

3. Dizziness

4. Fatigue

5. Bloating

6. Food aversions

When Does Morning Sickness Typically Start?

1. Around 4-6 weeks of pregnancy

2. Peaks between 8-12 weeks

3. Subsides by 14-16 weeks (varies)

Natural Remedies:

1. Ginger (tea, candies, supplements)

2. Vitamin B6 supplements

3. Acupressure bands

4. Peppermint oil/aromatherapy

5. Rest and relaxation

Lifestyle Changes:

1. Eat small, frequent meals

2. Avoid spicy/fatty foods

3. Stay hydrated

4. Avoid strong smells

5. Take prenatal vitamins

Severe Morning Sickness (Hyperemesis Gravidarum):

1. Excessive vomiting

2. Dehydration

3. Weight loss

4. Electrolyte imbalance

5. Hospitalization may be necessary

When to Seek Medical Attention:

1. Severe vomiting

2. Blood in vomit

3. Fever

4. Abdominal pain

5. Signs of dehydration

Tips for Managing Morning Sickness:

1. Keep crackers/biscuits beside your bed

2. Eat before getting out of bed

3. Avoid morning coffee/caffeine

4. Take prenatal vitamins at night

5. Try relaxation techniques (meditation, deep breathing)